The LiFePO4 battery capacity requirement in camping scenarios is determined by the total power consumption of the equipment. A typical calculation requires the statistics of the average daily power consumption of all electrical appliances (unit: Wh) : For example, a 200W car refrigerator (consuming 1.2kWh in 24 hours), a 100W lighting system (consuming 0.4kWh in 4 hours), and a 50W electronic device (consuming 0.1kWh in 2 hours of charging), the total is 1.7kWh. Considering a 3-day battery life and 80% depth of discharge (DoD), the theoretical capacity should be ≥1.7kWh÷0.8×3=6.375kWh. In the actual configuration, the Jackery 2000 Pro (2.16kWh) can meet the requirements of lightweight camping for two people, while the EcoFlow DELTA Pro (3.6kWh) can support the power consumption of a four-person team for 7 days. The data of REI users in 2023 shows that this solution covers 92% of the scene requirements.
Weight and space efficiency are key considerations. The energy density of LiFePO4 reaches 160Wh/kg (while that of lead-acid batteries is only 40Wh/kg), and its weight is reduced by 60% under the same capacity. Take a 100Ah battery as an example. The LiFePO4 version weighs 10.5kg (with dimensions of 30×20×18cm), and the lead-acid battery weighs 28kg (with a volume increase of 170%). Tests by the Norwegian Outdoor Association show that when the weight of a backpack power supply exceeds 15kg, users’ fatigue increases by 47%. Therefore, LiFePO4 systems with a capacity of ≤2kWh (approximately 12.8kg) are recommended. The Goal Zero Yeti 3000X (3.072kWh) distributes the weight to a single 11.8kg module through modular design, increasing the hiking adaptability by 35%.
Environmental adaptability needs to be optimized with emphasis. The capacity retention rate of lifepo4 is 85% at a low temperature of -20℃ (while that of lead-acid batteries is only 35%), but it needs to be maintained at a temperature above 0℃ during charging. Camping tests in the cold regions of Canada show that a 1.5kWh battery pack equipped with a self-heating film (with a power consumption of 5W/h) can last for 72 hours in an environment of -15℃ (only 48 hours without a heating system). In tropical regions, enhanced heat dissipation is required: Data from Thailand’s national parks indicates that when the temperature is 40℃, forced air cooling in the battery compartment (with a wind speed of 2m/s) can reduce the temperature rise by 12℃ and extend the cycle life by 300 times.
The charging and discharging strategy affects the actual performance. LiFePO4 power supplies supporting 2000W AC output (such as Bluetti AC200P) can drive high-power devices like induction cookers (1800W), but the efficiency drops to 85% when the continuous load is greater than 80% of the rated power. In the solar charging scenario, matching a 600W photovoltaic panel (with a conversion efficiency of 23%) can charge a 2kWh battery within 4.2 hours (the efficiency of the MPPT controller is > 97%). The 2024 Australian solar camping vehicle project confirmed that under the condition of an average daily sunlight of 5 hours, a 1:1 ratio of battery capacity (kWh) to photovoltaic power (kW) can achieve an energy self-sufficiency rate of 98%.
Economy and security need to be balanced. The average price of a 2kWh LiFePO4 system is ¥8,000 (¥3,500 for lead-acid of the same capacity), but it can be recycled 4,000 times within a 10-year life cycle (only 500 times for lead-acid), reducing the cost per camping trip to ¥2 (¥7 for lead-acid). The UL 2743 certification in the United States requires that camping power supplies have over-discharge protection (cut-off voltage 2.5V±0.1V) and thermal runaway blocking (response time < 3 seconds). The 2023 California Wildfire Report indicates that 23% of fires are caused by sulfation of lead-acid batteries, while the thermal stability of LiFePO4 (decomposition temperature > 270℃) has reduced the accident rate to 0.7 cases per million units.
Intelligent management enhances the user experience. LiFePO4 power supplies integrated with APP control (such as Anker SOLIX F2000) compress the endurance error from ±15% to ±5% through load prediction algorithms. A survey by the German Outdoor Exhibition shows that systems equipped with wireless parallel functions have led 83% of users to choose the expansion plan (basic unit + expansion package), and the average purchased capacity has increased from 1.8kWh to 3.2kWh. The future trend points to lightweight flexible batteries: Panasonic is set to mass-produce 1.2mm thick LiFePO4 thin-film batteries by 2025, reducing the weight of a 5kWh energy storage system to 8kg and completely rewriting the rules of energy on foot.